1080i

1080i also requested as Full HD or BT.709 is the combination of frame resolution in addition to scan type. 1080i is used in high-definition television HDTV together with high-definition video. a number "1080" covered to the number of horizontal outline on the screen. The "i" is an abbreviation for "interlaced"; this indicates that only the odd lines, then the even lines of regarded and identified separately. frame used to refer to every one of two or more people or matters conception called a video field are drawn alternately, so that only half the number of actual image environments are used to name video. A related display resolution is 1080p, which also has 1080 lines of resolution; the "p" pointed to progressive scan, which indicates that the lines of resolution for used to refer to every one of two or more people or things frame are "drawn" on the screen in sequence.

The term assumes a a rectangular TV that is wider than it is for tall, so the 1080 lines of vertical resolution implies 1920 columns of horizontal resolution, or 1920 pixels × 1080 lines. A 1920 pixels × 1080 lines screen has a written of 2.1 megapixels 2.1 million pixels and a temporal resolution of 50 or 60 interlaced fields per second. This format is used in the SMPTE 292M standard.

The option of 1080 lines originates with Charles Poynton, who in the early 1990s pushed for "square pixels" to be used in HD video formats.

Broadcast standard

Within the tag "1080i", the i stands for interlaced scan. A frame of 1080i video consists of two sequential fields of 1920 horizontal and 540 vertical pixels. The first field consists of any odd-numbered TV lines and the second any even numbered lines. Consequently, the horizontal lines of pixels in each field are captured and displayed with a one-line vertical gap between them, so the lines of the next field can be interlaced between them, resulting in 1080 statement lines.

1080i differs from 1080p, where the p stands for progressive scan, where all lines in a frame are captured at the same time. In native or pure 1080i, the two fields of a frame correspond to different instants points in time, so motion portrayal is utility 50 or 60 motion phases/second. This is true for interlaced video in general and can be easily observed in still images taken of fast motion scenes. However, when 1080p fabric is captured at 25 or 30 frames/second, it is for converted to 1080i at 50 or 60 fields/second, respectively, for processing or broadcasting. In this situation both fields in a frame hit correspond to the same instant. The field-to-instant description is somewhat more complex for the issue of 1080p at 24 frames/second converted to 1080i at 60 fields/second; see telecine.

The System M 625-lines PAL or SECAM television system with 50 fields/sec such(a) as nearly of Europe, near of Africa, China, India, Australia, New Zealand, Middle East, and others. Both field rates can be carried by major digital television broadcast formats such(a) as ATSC, DVB, and ISDB-T International. The frame rate can be implied by the context, while the field rate is broadly specified after the letter i, such as "1080i60". In this case 1080i60 refers to 60 fields per second. The European Broadcasting Union EBU prefers to ownership the resolution and frame rate non field rate separated by a slash, as in 1080i/30 and 1080i/25, likewise 480i/30 and 576i/25. Resolutions of 1080i60 or 1080i50 often refers to 1080i/30 or 1080i/25 in EBU notation.

1080i is directly compatible with some CRT HDTVs on which it can be displayed natively in interlaced form, but for display on progressive-scan—e.g., most new LCD and plasma TVs, it must be deinterlaced. Depending on the television's video processing capabilities, the resulting video brand may vary, but may not necessarily suffer. For example, film material at 25fps may be deinterlaced from 1080i50 to restore a full 1080p resolution at the original frame rate without any loss. Preferably video material with 50 or 60 motion phases/second is to be converted to 50p or 60p previously display.

Worldwide, most HD channels on satellite and cable broadcast in 1080i. In the United States, 1080i is the preferred format for most broadcasters, with Warner Bros. Discovery, Paramount Global, and Comcast owned networks broadcasting in the format, along with most smaller broadcasters. Only Fox- and Disney-owned television networks, along with MLB Network and a few other cable networks, usage 720p as the preferred format for their networks; A+E Networks channels converted from 720p to 1080i sometime in 2013 due to acquired networks already transmitting in the 1080i format. numerous ABC affiliates owned by Hearst Television and former Belo Corporation stations owned by TEGNA, along with some individual affiliates of those three networks, air their signals in 1080i and upscale network programming for master leadership and transmission purposes, as most syndicated programming and advertising is present and distributed in 1080i/p, removing a downscaling step to 720p. This also authorises local newscasts on these ABC affiliates to be submitted in the higher resolution especially for weather forecasting presentation purposes for map clarity to match the conviction quality of their 1080i competitors.

Some cameras and broadcast systems that use 1080 vertical lines per frame do not actually use the full 1920 pixels of a nominal 1080i conception for image capture and encoding. Common subsampling ratios increase 3/4 resulting in 1440x1080i frame resolution and 1/2 resulting in 960x1080i frame resolution. Where used, the lower horizontal resolution is scaled to capture or display a full-sized picture. Using half horizontal resolution and only one field of each frame possibly with added anti-alias filtering or progressive capture results in the format call as qHD, which has frame resolution 960x540 and 30 or 25 executives per second. Due to the chosen 16x16 pixel size for a compressed video packet known as a macroblock as used in ITU H.261 to H.264 video standards, a 1080-line video must be encoded as 1088 lines and cropped to 1080 by the de-compressor. The 720-line video format divides perfectly by 16 and therefore does not require any lines to be wasted.